Dry eye is a common ocular condition affecting millions of people annually.
Alone in the US, around 20 million people are affected by dry eyes.
But have you ever wondered what causes dry eyes?
There are several factors that might lead to the development of dry eyes.
In this article, we will learn about some common dry eye causes and risk factors in detail.
We will also talk about how you can prevent dry eyes.
Dry Eye Causes
A dry eye is caused due to the disturbance in the tear film of the eyes.
The tear film in an eye has three layers- fatty oils, aqueous fluid, and mucus.
In a healthy eye, a combination of all three layers keeps the eye moist and clear.
However, due to certain reasons like hormonal changes and autoimmune disease, the balance of these fluids might get affected, leading to the development of dry eye symptoms.
This may happen because of two reasons- decreased tear production and increased tear evaporation.
Both these conditions lead to insufficient tears in the eye. Let’s discuss these conditions in detail below.
Do you know an individual can experience dry eyes at night as well as in the morning? The causes can be different for morning and night.
If you want to know the reason behind dry eyes in the morning, read 3 Reasons Why You Have Dry Eyes in the Morning.
Decreased Tear Production
Source: fixkesIt is a condition when the tear glands are unable to produce enough aqueous fluid for the healthy functioning of an eye.
Low tear production leads to the development of dry eyes.
Insufficient amount of tears may lead to increased exposure to the surroundings. This might restrict individuals from performing everyday activities or cause discomfort.
Decreased tear production may happen gradually with age or due to certain medical conditions such as allergic eye disease and thyroid disorders.
Do you want to learn more about how the thyroid leads to dry eyes? Read Thyroid and Dry Eyes: Exploring the Relationship.
Increased Tear Evaporation
Increased tear evaporation might also cause dry eyes by disturbing the tear film of the eyes.
This condition might be caused by clogging of the Meibomian glands.
Meibomian glands are the small oil-producing glands present at the corners of both eyes. These glands produce the oily layer of the tear film.
Thus blocked Meibomian glands might lead to dry eyes.
It is vital to take good care of your eyes and consult an eye doctor if any symptoms occur.
Depending on your condition, the doctor may prescribe different kinds of treatments.
To know more about the various treatment options for dry eyes, read: Comprehensive Guide to Dry Eye Treatment: Symptoms and Effective Solutions
Risk Factors for Dry Eyes
There are certain factors that might increase the risk of developing dry eyes.
- Age is a dominant factor for dry eyes. Tear production reduces with age. People above 50 are more likely to develop dry eyes
- Medical conditions like eye allergies, thyroid disorders, high blood pressure, and a history of refractive surgery might increase the likelihood of having dry eyes.
- Certain medications such as Antihistamines, Antidepressants, and birth control pills. have been found to increase the chances of dry eyes.
- Certain studies show that women are at a greater risk of developing dry eyes than men.
- A diet low in Vitamin A or Omega-3 fatty acids might also increase the risk of dry eyes.
- People who wear contact lenses are also at risk of developing dry eyes.
The vitamin is an effective supplement to manage dry eyes. Proper supplementation of fish oil and vitamins may help reduce the risk of dry eyes.
If you want to learn more about the vitamin for dry eyes, read Vitamins for Dry Eyes: A Complete Guide.
How to Prevent Dry Eyes
Source: stock_colors_from_Getty_ImagesThere are certain measures you can take to reduce the chances of developing dry eyes.
Let us take a brief look at the prevention methods for dry eyes.
- Avoid blowing air directly into your eyes
- Take frequent breaks during any tasks that involve straining your eyes, such as reading and writing
- Make it a habit to perform blinking exercises periodically.
- Be cautious in areas that are dry or located at high altitudes.
- Consider wearing glasses or other protective eyewear outside.
- The use of artificial tears may also benefit some people with naturally dry eyes.
- Avoid smoking, as it can worsen dry eye symptoms.
If these preventive measures prove ineffective in managing dry eyes, consult an eye specialist.
Conclusion
Dry eyes are a common eye condition that has certain underlying causes.
Disruption of the tear film, increased tear evaporation, and reduced tear production are some common dry eye causes.
Certain factors such as aging, medical conditions, and allergies might also put people at a higher risk of developing dry eyes.
Therefore, it is vital to take your eye care seriously.
Consult your ophthalmologist about the signs and symptoms of dry eyes and undergo regular eye examinations to prevent the condition of dry eyes.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the main cause of dry eyes?
Dry eyes are mainly caused by irregularities in the tear film of the eye. This may happen with age or due to certain eye allergies or infections.
Is dry eye lifelong?
No, dry eye condition is not necessarily lifelong. Although some people may have chronic dry eye symptoms. However, if managed and treated well in time, the symptoms of dry eyes can be relieved.
How do you manage dry eyes?
Dry eyes can be managed by using artificial tears, prescription-based eye drops, warm compresses, and eyelid hygiene. The use of humidifiers and sunglasses may also help some people.
What causes dry eyes at night?
The eye strain may worsen during the night due to a long day of continuous activities and the use of contact lenses. It would be best to avoid screens at night and perform eye exercises before sleeping to prevent dry eyes.
What deficiency can cause dry eyes?
According to several studies, a deficiency of Vitamin D may lead to dry eyes. If you are experiencing dry eyes due to a deficiency of Vitamin D, it is advised to seek a healthcare professional. They may prescribe Vitamin D supplements to treat the condition.
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